Fire- and fire-resistant curtains for the stage
According to the norms, the curtain is divided into types that are used in various public places. The construction of the structure must comply with the regulations. The fire curtain device requires the right device and has a number of advantages.
Types of protective screens
According to the technical regulations , public places are divided into the following types:
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Theaters (cinemas, clubs, circuses). The curtain is used to cover the portal of the stage. The degree of protection is not less than EI 60;
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Museums, exhibition and dance halls;
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Outdoor facilities.
Curtains effectively replace bulky structures such as partitions or gates. They are also used to protect industrial workshops, individual public halls and atriums from fire and smoke.
In the XVIII century, theaters began to use a fire-fighting structure that separated the hall from the stage - the "Iron Curtain".
The first of them was seen in France — in Lyon in the 80s - 90s of the XVIII century.
Much later, the expression "Iron Curtain" began to be used in a figurative sense, already in the modern sense.
Standards and regulations
Like other fire-fighting structures, when making a curtain, it is necessary to comply with the requirements described in legislative acts. Following Article 37 of FZ-123, a refractory barrier must have protection of at least EI 60. There is an EI protection of 90 and even 120.
Installation of the structure is required for premises with a capacity equal to or greater than 800 people. Curtains are made of non-combustible materials. They are used to protect openings and rooms with explosion hazard categories B, D, D, which cannot be protected by gates. The design uses special mechanisms that automatically trigger in case of fire, and lower the curtain. Previously, partitions were made of a massive concrete slab with a complex system of cables.
The basics of the curtain device
The curtain is created from a fire-resistant fabric with a special coating composition, which allows it to withstand exposure to temperatures up to 1100℃.
Shafts with gears are responsible for the mechanism, which are often mounted on top of the canvas in protective pockets. The guides are responsible for smooth lowering in the event of a fire. The elements are powered by an electric drive. The control unit controlling the mechanism is synchronized with the alarm system. The lower cutting-off bar isolates the passage of gorenje products in the lower part of the curtain and serves as an additional fabric tensioner.
Guides and pulleys are installed to ensure the fixation and tension of the fabric horizontally. The tension and integrity of the canvas depends on its ability to withstand the impact of fire and not let smoke through.
Conclusions
Despite the need for a large amount of space to install some types of curtain, it is much simpler and lighter than gates or partitions. They effectively replace heavier fire protection systems, especially old concrete and metal curtains for scenes. Damask curtains are triggered in a matter of minutes and block large rooms from fire and smoke ingress. They are made of heat-insulating materials with impregnation that do not emit toxic gases and toxins.
Fire curtains are effective fire–resistant mechanisms that have a high degree of fire protection and have many advantages. They do not occupy the area of the room and are easy to operate. The system automatically synchronizes with the alarm and is triggered at the first signs of a fire.