Curtains and fire curtains for educational institutions
Educational institutions, in terms of compliance with fire safety measures, are objects of close attention from the Ministry of Emergency Situations. The regulatory framework regulating the procedure for ensuring safety in case of fire is periodically reviewed and improved. Since 2021, new requirements for technical equipment, organization of activities, rules of behavior of people and maintenance of buildings that take into account the specifics of their activities have come into effect.
Some changes have affected planning solutions designed to increase the level of fire safety of these facilities. In particular, it affected such means of protection as fire curtains in educational institutions, which can be provided at the design stage or installed in existing educational institutions at the request of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. We will tell you more about them in the article.
Some changes have affected planning solutions designed to increase the level of fire safety of these facilities. In particular, it affected such means of protection as fire curtains in educational institutions, which can be provided at the design stage or installed in existing educational institutions at the request of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. We will tell you more about them in the article.
15 March 2022
Fire barriers in schools, colleges, institutes. Regulatory regulation and operating principle
In relation to educational institutions , the following:- Federal Law No. 69-Fz of 1994
- Federal Law No. 123-Fz of 2008
- "Rules" No. 1479 2020, as well as a number of departmental instructions of the Ministry of Emergency Situations and the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation.
- The use of such means of preventing the spread of fire in educational institutions, such as fire curtains in educational institutions, are usually laid by designers at the stage of developing design solutions in accordance with SP 4.13130.2013.
Article 37 of these Rules identifies fire barriers:
- walls;
- partitions;
- curtains, curtains, etc.
Table
TYPES OF OBSTACLES
Fire resistance requirements are defined for each type of protection. Fire curtains in educational institutions must be at least Type 1 - Article 88 FZ-123, and provide fire resistance for at least 45 minutes.The Regulation of the EAC 2020 approved new requirements in the field of PB concerning screens, curtains of curtains:
They must restrain the spread of fire within the time specified during their production (according to the fire resistance class) (art. 78);
Smoke protection (curtains, curtains) must completely isolate the room with a fire source from the rest of the premises and be equipped with automatic (remote) switching systems.
Despite the fact that the Regulations repeatedly mention fire curtains and curtains, in practice, no regulatory document regulates the requirements for their production. Certification of this type of fire-fighting equipment is carried out in accordance with GOST R53307-2009 (doors, gates, canvases).
When testing these products, the requirements for smoke and gas transmission and fire resistance are accepted by the corresponding standards R 53307-2009 and R 53305-2009.
37 FZ-123 states that this type of fire-fighting equipment should be used, along with other barriers, and can be installed to fill openings / openings in which it is impractical to install other types of barriers.
Fire-resistant curtains in assembly halls of educational institutions
The difference between curtains and curtains is conditional. They are united by the fact that they are made of soft, elastic material and are designed to isolate the stage portal and technical rooms (cinema projection booth) from the auditorium. There are no clear criteria for equipping assembly halls with fire curtains in schools or universities. But usually, such requirements are applicable to halls with a capacity of 800 or more people (SP 4.13130.2013).In accordance with GOST R59640-2021:
- the fire resistance must comply with EI 60 (EI 15 - for a cinema projection window):
- the barrier must be made of non-flammable, non-toxic and gas-tight material;
- the portal must overlap with at least 200 mm from the top and bottom of the portal opening and at least 400 mm from the sides (p.5.127);
- withstand a pressure of 10 Pa per 1 m of stage height (p.5.130);
- have a lowering (sliding) speed of 0.2 m/sec (p.5.122).
Fire curtains for delivery in the dining room
The fire safety requirements in the food halls of educational institutions are formulated in paragraph 7.2 of the "Rules" No. 1479. They relate to compliance with safety measures in production workshops and warehouses. However, the issue window is a "portal" that unites a hall for eating, in which several hundred students can be at the same time. This determines the requirements for the possibility of rapid isolation of the source of gorenje (by analogy with the auditorium from the stage).The requirements for fire curtains in educational institutions are similar to those that guide the installation of fire barriers in assembly halls. Given that there is free access to water supply in the food units, a water curtain can be equipped in addition to the curtain, which increases efficiency. The water consumption is calculated 6-7 liters/m2 per minute.
Fire-retardant curtains for elevator halls of educational institutions
Elevator halls are sources of rapid spread of fire along elevator shafts. To avoid the spread of fire, they must be covered with fire-resistant barriers in the first place. For this purpose, automatic barriers (curtains) with fire resistance > E45 are arranged, which are triggered after stopping and releasing elevator cabins.Fire-resistant curtains /curtains are an effective means of preventing the spread of fire in the room, capable of saving the lives of pupils of educational institutions, providing a gain in time for evacuation from the building.
The completed work on the installation of fire-retardant curtains and curtains in general educational institutions can be viewed in the section:
Fire barriers and industrial gates for administrative buildings
